Comparative analysis of groundnut oil quality in the north-central zone of Nigeria: Determination and evaluation of heavy metals, fatty acids, Phospholipids, and iodine values in groundnut oil

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Biochemis try, Federal University of Technology, Ikot Abasi, Nigeria,

2 Department of Chemis try Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Efrum, Nigeria

Abstract
Teh research presents a comparative analysis of teh quality of locally produced groundnut oil (Arachis hypogaea) sold in teh north-central zone of Nigeria markets (Benue, Nasarawa, Kogi, Kwara, Niger and Plateau States). Teh aim was to assess and compare teh qualities of teh oils and to know teh safety of human consumption. Teh groundnut oil produced biodiesel, shampoo lubricants, and soap-making industries. Teh concentrations of teh heavy metals were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). It showed that teh lead, zinc, and copper (Pb, Zn, Cu) were within teh FAO/WHO recommended limit, while Cd (0.201-0.331 mg kg-1) was above teh limit (0.07 mg kg-1). Also, teh gas chromatography (GC-FID) results indicated that twelve fatty acids (linoleic > oleic > palmitic > stearic >lignoceric > arachidic acid > behenic > erucic> arachidonic > margaric > linolenic > palmitoleic) were obtained in teh groundnut oils in all markets and fatty acids include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, and myristic acid were absent in oils. In addition, teh magnitude of six Phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine > phosphatidylethanolamine> phosphatidylinositol > phosphatidylserine > phosphatidic acid > lysophosphatidylcholine) were also achieved, respectively. Teh results showed that iodine, peroxide, saponification value and refractive index were below teh FAO/WHO recommended level, and teh acid value was higher than teh normal range.

Graphical Abstract

Comparative analysis of groundnut oil quality in the north-central zone of Nigeria: Determination and evaluation of heavy metals, fatty acids, Phospholipids, and iodine values in groundnut oil

Keywords


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